What are the Vector and Raster graphics in computing?

Modern computer UI is all about high graphical representation and digital images are represented basically two different way. It can be either raster or vector graphics. But, there have multiple image file formats out there, which is really confusing and create difficulties while choosing compatibility file format to represent or rendering an image.

To clear your confusion, here we are going to find out what’s the difference between raster and vector graphics and how they work. So, let’s start-

Raster graphics

Raster graphics are based on pixels and known as bitmap graphics. These are composed of a series of colored dots or pixels. An individual dot represents a color, but as a whole, the colored dots make up a vivid and detailed painting. This method of raster graphics provides rich detail of an image. Digital cameras create images based on raster graphics, and all the images for print and online are bitmap image. Raster graphics are ideal for photo editing and creating digital paintings. .JPG, .GIF, .BMP and .PNG are the most popular formats of raster graphics.

Vector graphics

Vector graphics are based on mathematical formulas that define geometric primitives such as polygons, lines, curves, circles, and rectangles. They are much more versatile, flexible and easy to use which is best for structured images. Vector graphics are quickly and perfectly scalable and there is no upper or lower limit for resizing. It always appears smooth no matter how large you make it or how close you zoom in. Vector images can be saved as .AI, .SVG, .PDF, .EPS file formats.

Where can be used as individually?

Raster graphics are the preferred method when working with photographs. When photos are taken with a digital camera or copied on a scanner, it generates files are bitmap image. Most of the website's images are raster graphics. Alos digital publication relay on raster graphics but often these files are saved as low resolutions and are not suitable for print reproduction. To avoid this situation images need to save at a high DPI so that quality will not suffer during the printing process. Raster graphics are not good for creating and working with logos and illustrations.

To fulfill this gap, Vector graphics were created. It is the No. 1 option when designing a logo or illustration. Because of the way images are created and saved, you will have more flexibility with making changes and able to use your image in a variety of sizes. These files can also be used for print and web publishing. Vector images can save your time because it’s resizing ability. It provides high-resolution, high-quality clip arts. But be aware, photographs are not good vector graphics.